Povzetek

Mednarodna podjetja se pri svojih čezmejnih aktivnostih srečujejo s številnimi tveganji. Da bi se jim izognila oziroma jih učinkovito obvladovala, je pomembno, da svoje predvidene aktivnosti čim bolje načrtujejo. Ker je glavni cilj njihovega poslovanja običajno maksimiranje čistega dobička in posledično maksimiranje vrednosti za lastnike, je še posebej pomembno, da znajo dobro predvideti finančne posledice (zlasti v povezavi z alternativnimi načini financiranja posameznih podjetij v skupini) in v okviru teh tudi davčne posledice svojih predvidenih posameznih aktivnosti, ki vplivajo na uspešnost njihovega celotnega poslovanja. Zaradi procesa globalizacije in finančnih škandalov v nedavni preteklosti so razprave o obvladovanju davčnih tveganj v strokovnih javnostih zopet glasne. Podjetja so začela dokumentirati svoje usmeritve obvladovanja davčnih tveganj in ocenjevati različne vrste davčnih tveganj, s katerimi se srečujejo pri poslovanju, saj so davčni stroški postali ključni stroški v globalnem konkurenčnem okolju. Pravilno razumevanje in ustrezno ravnanje v zvezi z davčnim položajem podjetja oziroma skupine povezanih podjetij je postalo v neizprosnem konkurenčnem boju odločujočega pomena.

Summary

In their transnational activities, multinational enterprises encounter numerous risks. In order to avoid them or effectively manage them, it is essential that enterprises plan their anticipated activities in the best possible way. As the main goal of their operations is usually maximising net profit and consequently maximising the value for the owners, it is of utmost importance that they are able to anticipate financial consequences (particularly those regarding alternative means of financing individual enterprises within a group), and within this framework any fiscal consequences of their individual activities which may impact the success of the entire scope of their operation. Due to the globalisation process and the recent financial scandals, the discussions on managing tax risks have become more frequent in the expert community. With tax costs becoming key costs in the global competitive environment, enterprises began to document their tax risks management policies and to evaluate individual types of tax risks encountered in their operation. For any enterprise or group of enterprises the correct understanding of tax situation and suitable managing thereof have become of crucial importance in the inexorable competitive struggle.